13th Century Scottish History

-Battle of Stirling Bridge

-Battle of Falkirk

During the 13^th Century, England and Scotland were at wars. One a great super power, trying to establish a bigger area of control and dominance. The other a humble but determined indigenous community, defending their right to see to themselves on their own homeland. The series of battles that took place over the 12-13^th century were known as the battles of Scottish Independence.

Led by King Edward I of England, the English army was an incredible force with up to 92,000 men at arms and 112,000 infantry receiving wages. Having campaigned against the French in Flanders, King Edward I learnt of the trouble that was occurring in Scotland. The Scots at the Battle of Stirling Bridge had defeated his northern army.

Raged and furious, King Edward I concluded a truce with Philip the Fair – French. Returning to England in 1298, he prepared for a second invasion of Scotland. – Battle of Falkirk

On the other side of the battlefield, the proud Scots led by William Wallace, consisted of folks that were patriotic and considered Scotland their home. Not wanting to be ruled by the tyranny of England’s King, they vowed to rid their land of English rule and free their people.

On September 11, 1297, Wallace’s forces defeated the English and won the Battle of Stirling Bridge. Despite the fact that they were outnumbered in great numbers, their military tactics prevailed. The English’s retreat to the Stirling Bridge resulted in heavy casualties and the defeat of the northern forces, hence the name ‘Battle of Stirling Bridge’.

The battle embittered relations between the two antagonistic nations and took warfare to a whole new different level.

This significant victory, which proved favorable towards the morality and spirits of the Scots army, urged Wallace to lead a raid into northern England. This action of taking the battle to British soil was done to demonstrate their power.

Mohamed Sahdique Caubang

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